What happens in a blast furnace GCSE?
The blast furnace The oxygen must be removed from the iron(III) oxide in order to leave the iron behind. Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called reduction reactions. In this reaction, the iron(III) oxide is reduced to iron, and the carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide.
How does a blast furnace extract iron?
The blast furnace Iron is extracted from iron ore in a huge container called a blast furnace. Iron ores such as haematite contain iron(III) oxide, Fe 2O 3. The oxygen must be removed from the iron(III) oxide in order to leave the iron behind. Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called reduction reactions.
What reaction takes place in a blast furnace?
The reactions of the blast furnace involve 1) combustion of the fuel and its conversion into carbon monoxide, 2) reduction of the ore, and 3) formation of slag.
What are the waste gases in a blast furnace?
The carbon monoxide molecules reduce the iron oxide molecules that are primarily found in the middle and high sections of the blast furnace. Molten iron, slag, and nitrogen gas are also produced during this process. However, the main waste gases are carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
What is the blast in the blast furnace?
In a blast furnace, coke is used to reduce the ore (iron oxide) to iron. Large quantities of gas, ‘top gas’, are formed at the top of the blast furnace as a result of the reduction of iron ore and the combustion of injected coal by injected blast air.
What is produced from blast furnace?
Blast furnace produces Hot metal (Liquid Iron) using Iron ore, Coke, Sinter, Pellets and fluxes such as Lime-stone, Pyroxenite, Quartzite reacting with oxygen from pre heated air.
What can a blast furnace smelt?
Blast furnaces are similar to furnaces, but can smelt only raw ore, ore blocks and tools/armor made of iron, gold or chainmail.
Why is hot air used in blast furnace?
The hot air blast to the furnace burns the coke and maintains the very high temperatures that are needed to reduce the ore to iron. The reaction between air and the fuel generates carbon monoxide. This gas reduces the iron (III) oxide in the ore to iron.
Which iron ore is used in blast furnace?
Iron is mainly extracted from hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite ores. Natural or direct shipping iron ores contain between 50-70% iron and can be fed directly into the blast furnace. Fe3O4 decomposes when heated to ferrous oxide (FeO) and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) via Fe3O4 → FeO + Fe2O3.
What gas is produced in a blast furnace?
carbon monoxide (CO)
Blast furnace gas has a high carbon monoxide (CO) content and a low heating value, typical 3900 MJ/m3 (International Energy Agency, 2007). The five primary components of blast furnace gas are N2, CO, CO2, H2O and H2.
Which gas is released in blast furnace?
What fuel does a blast furnace use?
Add Fuel to the Blast Furnace In this tutorial, we are going to use coal as our fuel. TIP: Some fuels burn longer than others and therefore can smelt more items.
What is a blast furnace made of?
Modern lead blast furnaces are constructed using water-cooled steel or copper jackets for the walls, and have no refractory linings in the side walls. The base of the furnace is a hearth of refractory material (bricks or castable refractory).
Why coal is used in blast furnace?
Coke is produced by baking coal in the absence of oxygen to remove the volatile hydrocarbons contained in coal. The resulting coke is mechanically strong, porous, and chemically reactive, which are all critical properties for stable blast furnace operation.