How do I start a second species counterpoint?
Beginning a second-species counterpoint Begin a second-species counterpoint below the cantus firmus with do. Unisons are permitted for the first and last dyads of the exercise. A second-species line can begin with two half notes in the first bar, or a half rest followed by a half note.
What are the rules for counterpoint?
The counterpoint must begin and end on a perfect consonance. Contrary motion should dominate. Perfect consonances must be approached by oblique or contrary motion. Imperfect consonances may be approached by any type of motion.
What intervals are allowed in counterpoint?
The counterpoint must begin and end on an interval of either unison, octave, or fifth, and usually only unison or octave. You cannot use unison intervals (the same note in both melodies at the same time) except at the beginning or end. Do not move both parts in parallel 4ths, 5ths, or octaves.
What type of motion is forbidden in species counterpoint?
Dissonances (2nds, 4ths, 7ths) are not allowed in first species counterpoint. “Perfect” consonances (unisons, 5ths, 8ves, 12ths) may only be approached in contrary motion in order to avoid direct 5ths and direct 8ves (you may wish to review the Types of Motion).
What is a passing tone in music?
Passing Tone (PT) A passing tone is a melodic embellishment (typically a non-chord tone) that occurs between two stable tones (typically chord tones), creating stepwise motion.
What are species in counterpoint?
Species Counterpoint is that method of teaching laid out most famously by Johann Joseph Fux in his treatise Gradus ad Parnassum. Its method relies upon breaking contrapuntal study into five parts for each combination of two, three and four voices.
What is strict counterpoint in music?
Definition of strict counterpoint : musical counterpoint that rigorously observes the traditional conventions of dissonance treatment, relative contrapuntal motion, and smooth melodic lines especially : species counterpoint.
Can you have two non-chord tones in a row?
Passing Tone (PT) Passing Tone – approached and left by step in the same direction. Can have more than one in a row. Can be accented or unaccented.
How do you write second species?
In second species, one writes two half notes against a cantus firmus in whole notes. (Second species can also include writing three half notes against a cantus firmus of dotted whole notes in .)
What does COD mean in music?
Definition of Coda Coda comes from the Latin word cauda, which means “tail”. A coda is a passage at the end of a piece of music that brings the music to a close. It can technically be considered a longer cadence.
What does PMO stand for?
project management office
A project management office (PMO) is a group or department within a business, agency or enterprise that defines and maintains standards for project management within the organization.
What is a V7 cadence called?
In music, the ♭VII–V7 cadence is a cadence using the chord progression from the subtonic (♭VII) to the dominant seventh (V7). It resolves to I making the full cadence ♭VII–V7–I. Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can download the audio file.
What are the rules for counterpoint in first species?
First-Species (1:1) Counterpoint Rules In first species counterpoint, you may write one and only one note in your new melody for each note in the cantus firmus. This is a “rule of the game” that will be superseded later. For now, you will write one whole note for every whole note you are given.
What is a second species counterpoint?
Composing a second-species counterpoint In second-species counterpoint, the counterpoint line moves in half notes against a cantus firmus in whole notes.
What is 3rd species counterpoint in music?
1. In third-species counterpoint, you will write four notes for every note in the cantus firmus, except for last note. You will be writing mostly quarter-notes in third-species. Most authors of books on counterpoint apply the rules from third-species writing to situations where there are three notes in the new melody for every note in
What are the two fundamental musical problems of second species counterpoint?
In second-species counterpoint, the counterpoint line moves in half notes against a cantus firmus in whole notes. This 2:1 rhythmic ratio leads to two new “fundamental musical problems”—one metric and one harmonic: the differentiation between strong beatsand weak beats, and the introduction of the passing tonedissonance.