How do you get enterovirus 71?
EV71 infection is transmitted from person to person by direct contact with nose and throat secretions, saliva, fluid from blisters or the faeces of infected people. The virus may continue to be excreted in the faeces for several weeks. A person is infectious for as long as the virus is present in the faeces.
How common is enterovirus 71?
First identified in the United States in 1969, enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of more than 100 non-polio enteroviruses. Worldwide, EV-A71 is a common cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease in infants and young children.
What diseases are associated with enterovirus 71?
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease; herpangina; aseptic meningitis; and poliomyelitis-like flaccid paralysis. More recently EV71 has been associated with unusual cases of fulminant encephalitis, pulmonary edema and hemorrhage, and heart failure.
Is there a vaccine for enterovirus 71?
Abstract. On December 3rd 2015, the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) approved the first inactivated Enterovirus 71 (EV71) whole virus vaccine for preventing severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD).
What is coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71?
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) are the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is prevalent in Asia. Thus far, there are no prophylactic or therapeutic measures against HFMD.
What is coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus 71?
How is enterovirus treated?
There is no specific treatment for non-polio enterovirus infection. People with mild illness caused by non-polio enterovirus infection typically only need to treat their symptoms. This includes drinking enough water to stay hydrated and taking over-the-counter cold medications as needed. Most people recover completely.
What is the most common enterovirus?
The two most common ones are echovirus and coxsackievirus, but there are several others. Enteroviruses also cause polio and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD).
How do you get coxsackievirus A16?
Are Coxsackievirus Infections Contagious? Coxsackieviruses are very contagious. They can be passed from person to person on unwashed hands and surfaces contaminated by feces. They also can be spread through droplets of fluid sprayed into the air when someone sneezes or coughs.
What does enterovirus do to your body?
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an uncommon but serious neurological condition, mostly in young children. It affects the nervous system, specifically the area of the spinal cord called gray matter, which causes the muscles and reflexes in the body to become weak.
How long can enterovirus last?
Symptoms such as muscle aches, fever, and sore throat usually go away in a few days. The red sores known as hand-foot-and-mouth disease usually go away in 7 to 10 days.
What is Enterovirus 71 (EV71) neurological disease?
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) neurological disease is a rare but serious complication of infection with enterovirus 71, a virus which most commonly causes the mild childhood illness hand, foot and mouth disease. Cases and outbreaks of enterovirus 71 neurological disease are rare.
What are the signs and symptoms of Enterovirus 71 infection?
Many people with enterovirus 71 infection have no or very mild symptoms. Hand, foot and mouth disease usually starts with a slight fever followed by blisters or ulcers in the mouth and on the hands and feet.
Should children with Enterovirus 71 neurological disease be excluded from childcare/school?
Children with enterovirus 71 neurological disease should be excluded from childcare/school until they have a written medical clearance from a doctor or public health unit confirming that the virus is no longer being excreted in their faeces.
How serious is EV71 infection?
EV71 infection usually causes only a mild illness in adults and children. However, children under 5 years old, especially those under 2 years, are at higher risk of developing a severe EV71 infection.