What does fog index mean?
The fog index refers to a readability test that aims to determine the level of text difficulty, or how easy a text is to read. The index provides a reader with the number of years of education that he or she hypothetically needs to understand and digest a particular text on the first reading.
How do you use fog index?
To calculate the Gunning Fog Index, you need to take a passage of text at least 100 words and count the number of exact words and syllables. Then, divide the total number of words in the sample by the total number of sentences. This will give you the Average Sentence Length (ASL).
What is a good fog index?
The ideal score for readability with the Fog index is 7 or 8. Anything above 12 is too hard for most people to read. For instance, The Bible, Shakespeare and Mark Twain have Fog Indexes of around 6. The leading magazines, like Time, Newsweek, and the Wall Street Journal average around 11.
When was the fog index developed?
Where did the test come from? The Gunning Fog index was developed by Robert Gunning Associates. This was a consultancy set up by Robert Gunning in 1944. It aimed to help businesses to improve their writing.
What is SMOG readability?
What is a SMOG Index readability score? SMOG stands for ‘Simple Measure of Gobbledygook’. It is a readability framework. It measures how many years of education the average person needs to have to understand a text. It is best for texts of 30 sentences or more.
How do you reduce fog index?
The easiest way to keep the fog index down is to write short sentences. It is desirable to keep the average length of sentences limited to 15-20 words. But it is not necessary to make every sentence short and of the same length.
How do you read a smog index?
The SMOG Formula is considered appropriate for secondary age (4th grade to college level) readers….The SMOG Readability Formula, a Simple Measure of Gobbledygook.
| SMOG Conversion Table | |
|---|---|
| Total Polysyllabic Word Count | Approximate Grade Level (+1.5 Grades) |
| 73 – 90 | 12 |
| 91 – 110 | 13 |
| 111 – 132 | 14 |
How do you measure smog?
Air quality is measured with the Air Quality Index, or AQI. The AQI works sort of like a thermometer that runs from 0 to 500 degrees. However, instead of showing changes in the temperature, the AQI is a way of showing changes in the amount of pollution in the air.
What is smog analysis?
Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) is an assessment tool that utilizes a hand-scored method. SMOG allows an evaluator to determine the grade level of patient education by counting 10 sentences at the beginning, the middle, and the end of a document.
What is the unit used to measure the pollution in any location on Earth?
Answer: Since the amount of pollutants present in the atmosphere is very small, atmospheric pollution is measured in parts per million (ppm).
What is a foggy weather?
a cloudlike mass or layer of minute water droplets or ice crystals near the surface of the earth, appreciably reducing visibility. 2. any darkened state of the atmosphere, or the diffused substance that causes it. 3. a state of mental confusion or unawareness; daze.
How does fog form on land?
As the land cools overnight, the air right above the ground starts to cool, causing condensation and fog to form. This type of fog usually forms on calm clear nights, and most often in the winter. The second type of fog is evaporation fog. This happens when cool air moves over a warm body of water or moist ground.
What is fog and smog?
Fog is type of low-lying cloud mostly comprised of suspended water droplets, and it usually appears white in natural-color satellite images. Industrial smog usually forms in cool, humid environments, and it contains large numbers of tiny aerosol particles that make it appear gray.
Why is it called smog?
Smog is a kind of air pollution, originally named for the mixture of smoke and fog in the air.
How is smog measured?
The Short Answer: Air quality is measured with the Air Quality Index, or AQI. The AQI works like a thermometer that runs from 0 to 500 degrees. However, instead of showing changes in the temperature, the AQI is a way of showing changes in the amount of pollution in the air.
Why is ppm used to measure pollution?
Which describes where fog forms?
Upslope fog – moist air that flows up a hill or mountain. As the air rises, it expands and cools; if sufficiently moist, fog forms. Evaporation (mixing) fog – when 2 unsaturated air masses mix together, and the resulting mixture is moist enough and the temperature below the dew point, fog can occur.
What type of cloud is fog?
stratus clouds
Fog: Layer of stratus clouds on or near the ground.
What is the difference between fog index and index calculation?
However, the index calculation is different from Fog index. It also presents a readability summary including the grade level required to understand the text. Several computer systems such as Microsoft Word and Google Docs can calculate the readability index of any text at the stroke of a key.
How to reduce the fog index in writing?
The easiest way to keep the fog index down is to write short sentences. It is desirable to keep the average length of sentences limited to 15-20 words. But it is not necessary to make every sentence short and of the same length. In fact, this might cause monotony.
What is the fog index of effective communication?
If the fog index is less than 20, the readability may be affected due to abrupt and choppy sentences. A fog index of around 30 is ideal. This will not only smooth out the choppiness or jerkiness, but will also show a better relationship between ideas. This is an essential feature of effective communication (Gunning 1952).