What is diapause and its types?
Diapause is a period of suspended or arrested development during an insect’s life cycle. Insect diapause is usually triggered by environmental cues, like changes in daylight, temperature, or food availability. Diapause may occur in any life cycle stage—embryonic, larval, pupal, or adult—depending on the insect species.
What do u mean by diapause?
Definition of diapause : a period of physiologically enforced dormancy between periods of activity.
What is the difference between diapause and hibernation?
Diapause is a state of temporary dormancy marked by the pause in the growth and development of an organism, mostly insects. Hibernation is the state of the metabolic slowdown of an organism to withstand extreme conditions mostly during the winter.
Why do insects diapause?
Diapause, a period of suspended development, is a lot like hibernation. Environmental cues, such as shortening days, plants dying back, and cooler temperatures trigger metabolic changes and diapause begins. Depending on the insect, they may pause as eggs, larvae, pupae, or adults.
What are advantages of diapause?
Diapause provides two distinct advantages. The first of these is synchronization of the life-cycle with favourable seasons of the year as already discussed. The second advantage is resistance to unfavourable conditions (extremes of temperature, drought, or lack of food).
What animals have diapause?
Some mammals that undergo embryonic diapause include rodents, bears, armadillos, mustelids (e.g. weasels and badgers), and marsupials (e.g. kangaroos). Some groups only have one species that undergoes embryonic diapause, such as the roe deer in the order Artiodactyla.
What’s the difference between dormancy and diapause?
However, diapause is usually observed in insects and also during the development stage of an organism (such as an embryo)….Difference Between Diapause and Hibernation.
| Difference Between Hibernation and Diapause | |
|---|---|
| Diapause | Hibernation |
| Diapause is commonly observed in insects. | Hibernation is common among higher animals as well as invertebrates such as arthropods. |
What is diapause in zooplankton?
Diapause is a phase of dormancy in insects and zooplankton. Insects can undergo diapause during the summer or winter as eggs, larvae, pupae, or adults and may be used as a predator avoidance mechanism.
What is the difference between diapause and dormancy?
How long is embryonic diapause?
3-4 months
Table 1
| Taxonomy | Embryonic diapause lenght | |
|---|---|---|
| Order: Carnivora | Superfamily: Pinnipedia | 3-4 months |
| Order: Cingulata | Family: Dasypodidae | 3-4 months |
| 2-4 months | ||
| Order: Artiodactyla | Family: Cervidae | 4-5 months |
What causes embryonic diapause?
Embryonic diapause, a condition of temporary suspension of development of the mammalian embryo, occurs due to suppression of cell proliferation at the blastocyst stage. It is an evolutionary strategy to ensure the survival of neonates.
What is the difference between diapause and quiescence?
Thus, diapause and quiescence possibly have many molecular components in common, although the components for initial programming are exclusive to diapause [49]. Physiologically, the only difference is that during quiescence, the insect remains fully capable of responding to environmental stimuli [29, 74, 75].
Do humans have diapause?
In spite of these observations, the phenomenon of diapause, in which an embryo stops development but remains viable for an extended period, was assumed to be rare in mammals….Table 1.
| Taxonomy | Order: Carnivora |
|---|---|
| Family: Mustelidae | |
| Species | Fisher (Martes pennati) |
| Gestation lenght | 10-12 |
| Embryonic diapause lenght | 9-11 months |
What animals Can diapause?
Bears, armadillos, seals, and some otters, badgers and other weasel-like animals undergo seasonal diapause, as a regular part of their reproductive cycles. Many types of bears, for example, breed in the late spring or early summer.
Why is embryonic diapause important?
How does diapause occur in the life cycle?
The process of diapause seeks to reactivate development via external signals that control the genetic factors underlying the dormant phenotype. This can occur in several phases of the life-cycle, but most often only one developmental stage enters diapause [ 34 ]. What is the environmental signal that induces diapause in mosquitoes?
What is the etymology of the word diapause?
The etymology of the word “diapause” comes from the Greek diapausis (pause), derived from the verb diapauein, which means to stop or to decrease activity at a time of constant action [ 30 ].
What do diapause and quiescence have in common?
The insect remains in a state of dormancy, its metabolic rate continues to be low, and many of the same genes associated with diapause continue to be expressed. Thus, diapause and quiescence possibly have many molecular components in common, although the components for initial programming are exclusive to diapause [ 49 ].
What is embryonic diapause and why is it important?
Embryonic diapause is a protective phenomenon, it represents an important developmental advantage for species survival and should be evolutionarily protected. Regulation of facultative diapause (2).