Table of Contents
Which drugs are topoisomerase inhibitors?
Topoisomerase Inhibitors Topoisomerase I inhibitors include irinotecan, topotecan, and camptothecin, and topoisomerase II inhibitors include etoposide, doxorubicin, and epirubicin.
What are topoisomerase 1 inhibitors?
Topoisomerase I inhibitors are a new class of anticancer agents with a mechanism of action aimed at interrupting DNA replication in cancer cells, the result of which is cell death. Most if not all Topoisomerase I inhibitors are derivatives of the plant extract camptothecin.
What are the side effects of topoisomerase inhibitors?
Common side effects (experienced by greater than approximately 30 percent of patients receiving irinotecan) include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weakness, low white blood cells (increasing the risk of infection), low red blood cells (anemia), hair loss, poor appetite, fever, and weight loss.
What are topoisomerase II inhibitors?
Topoisomerase II is an enzyme essential for DNA replication, chromosome condensation and chromosome segregation. Inhibitors of topoisomerase II are important drugs used in the therapy of many neoplasms including breast cancer, lung cancer, testicular cancer, lymphomas and sarcomas.
How does a topoisomerase inhibitor work?
Topoisomerase inhibitors (TI) can inhibit cell proliferation by preventing DNA replication, stimulating DNA damage and inducing cell cycle arrest. Although these agents have been commonly used in the chemotherapy for the anti-proliferative effect, their impacts on the metastasis of cancer cells remain obscure.
What is the difference between topoisomerase 1 and 2?
Definition. Topoisomerase I refers to the enzymes which cut one of the two strands of double-stranded DNA, relax the strand, and reanneal the strand while topoisomerase II refers to the enzymes which cut both strands of the DNA helix simultaneously in order to manage DNA tangles and supercoils.
What do topoisomerase II inhibitors do?
Can etoposide cause diarrhea?
Loose stools or diarrhea may occur within 3 days after the drug is given. You may take loperamide (Imodium A-‐D®) to help control diarrhea.
How do topoisomerase II inhibitors work?
Mechanism. TopII forms a homodimer that functions by cleaving double stranded DNA, winding a second DNA duplex through the gap, and re-ligating the strands. TopII is necessary for cell proliferation and is abundant in cancer cells, which make TopoII inhibitors effective anti-cancer treatments.
What is the therapeutic use for the drug class topoisomerase II inhibitors?
HOW DO ANTINEOPLASTIC TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITORS WORK? Antineoplastic topoisomerase inhibitors are a class of drugs used to treat various cancers including colorectal cancer (cancer that begins in the large intestine), pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer (cancer of the stomach), and small cell lung cancer.
Does bleomycin inhibit topoisomerase?
Antitumor antibiotics or topoisomerase inhibitors include doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, and bleomycin.
What is the role of topoisomerase 2?
Topoisomerase IIα is found at replication forks and remains tightly associated with chromosomes during mitosis [13,39]. Thus, topoisomerase IIα is believed to be the isoform that functions in growth-dependent processes, such as DNA replication and chromosome segregation [7,13].
Can you take Imodium while on chemotherapy?
Take over-the-counter medications. The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute recommends taking Imodium at the first sign of diarrhea. Take caplets as directed at regular intervals until your symptoms go away.
What helps chemo diarrhea?
Keep liquids caffeine-free. Try water, sports drinks, or bouillon. As diarrhea improves, try eating small amounts of foods that are easy to digest such as rice, bananas, applesauce, yogurt, mashed potatoes, low-fat cottage cheese, and dry toast.
What is the antidote for etoposide?
These antidotes include isotonic (1/6 M) sodium thiosulfate for mechlorethamine (and optionally for cisplatin), hyaluronidase for the vinca alkaloids (and optionally for epipodophyllotoxins such as etoposide), and cooling with very topical DMSO and low dose hydrocortisone for the anthracyclines.
What is uromitexan 200 mg used for?
Uromitexan 200 mg Injection is used to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder which may cause serious bleeding) associated with chemotherapeutic drugs ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide. This medicine should only be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
What does Imodium A-D do to your body?
Imodium A-D (loperamide) slows the rhythm of digestion so that the small intestines have more time to absorb fluid and nutrients from the foods you eat. Imodium A-D is used to treat diarrhea.
Does uromitexan 200mg contain benzyl alcohol?
Uromitexan 200 mg Injection contains benzyl alcohol as a preservative. Benzyl alcohol has been associated with gasping syndrome and fatalities in premature infants, neonates, low-birth weight infants.
Is Imodium good for diarrhea?
Imodium is an over-the-counter (OTC) medication that’s used to relieve diarrhea or traveler’s diarrhea. The following information can help you decide if Imodium is a good choice to help you feel better. Normally, the muscles in your intestines contract and release at a certain speed. This helps move food and fluids through your digestive system.