Table of Contents
How does a blast furnace work GCSE?
The blast furnace The oxygen must be removed from the iron(III) oxide in order to leave the iron behind. Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called reduction reactions. In this reaction, the iron(III) oxide is reduced to iron, and the carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide.
What is the main reaction in the blast furnace?
The reactions of the blast furnace involve 1) combustion of the fuel and its conversion into carbon monoxide, 2) reduction of the ore, and 3) formation of slag. A reaction such as FeO + CO = Fe + CO2 can occur in both the forward and backward direction under conditions existing somewhere in the blast furnace.
How is iron extracted from its ore using a blast furnace?
The iron is usually pelletised before being transported to a blast furnace, where the iron is extracted using a reduction reaction where limestone and coke (made from coal) react with heat to remove oxygen from the iron oxide in the iron ore. The carbon dioxide then reacts with more coke to give carbon monoxide.
Why is coke added to the blast furnace Igcse?
At the bottom of the furnace, the coke burns in the hot air blast to form carbon dioxide. This is an exothermic reaction and the heat released keeps the furnace hot.
How is carbon removed from iron?
Removal of carbon: The still impure molten iron is mixed with scrap iron (from recycling) and oxygen is blown on to the mixture. The oxygen reacts with the remaining impurities to form various oxides. The carbon forms carbon monoxide. Since this is a gas it removes itself from the iron!
What is the product obtained from blast furnace?
Pig Iron
The product from blast furnace is called Pig Iron.
Which metal is extracted in blast furnace?
of iron
It is in the blast furnace that extraction of iron occurs. The extraction of iron from its ore is a long and subdued process, that helps in separating the useful components from the waste materials such as slag.
How does limestone remove impurities in a blast furnace?
Limestone is also used to remove impurities from the blast furnace when making iron. The impurities are mostly silicon dioxide (also known as sand). The calcium carbonate in the limestone reacts with the silicon dioxide to form calcium silicate (also known as slag).
What is the role of coke and lime stone during the extraction of cast iron using blast furnace?
Smelting method used in the extraction of iron The charge consists of roasted ore, coke and limestone in the approximate ratio of 12:5:3. Coke burns to give carbon monoxide which reduces the oxide ore to metal. Limestone acts as flux. The reduction is carried out in a blast furnace.
How are acidic impurities removed from the blast furnace?
Elements like phosphorus and silicon react with the oxygen to form acidic oxides. These are removed using quicklime (calcium oxide) which is added to the furnace during the oxygen blow. They react to form compounds such as calcium silicate or calcium phosphate which form a slag on top of the iron.
What is in stainless steel?
In addition to chromium, stainless steels are made with alloys of silicon, nickel, carbon, nitrogen, and manganese. Nitrogen, for example, improves tensile properties like ductility. Nickel is added to austenitic steel to improve flexibility.
How is steel made from coal?
Purified coal, or “coke,” is heated and melted with iron oxide and limestone, then injected with oxygen to reduce the carbon content of the mixture and to remove impurities. Almost all other steel is made from scrap metal that’s melted down in an electric arc furnace. This approach doesn’t use coke as a raw material.
Which type of iron is collected from blast furnace?
pig Iron
Iron from the blast furnace is pig Iron. It contains ‘C’ percentage more than that of cast Iron and wrought Iron.