Table of Contents
What is oncolytic virus immunotherapy?
Oncolytic viruses are a form of immunotherapy that uses viruses to infect and destroy cancer cells. Viruses are particles that infect or enter our cells and then use the cell’s genetic machinery to make copies of themselves and subsequently spread to surrounding uninfected cells.
What are oncolytic vaccines?
Oncolytic viruses are ideal platforms for tumor vaccination because they can mediate the direct in situ killing of tumor cells that release a broad array of tumor antigens and alarmins or danger signals thereby cross-priming antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which mediate the indirect killing of uninfected …
How does the oncolytic virus therapy work?
“The oncolytic virus kills tumor cells and causes the release of danger signals, which help to generate an immune response,” explained Dr. Kaufman, who co-led the clinical trial that led to the approval of T-VEC.
What are oncolytic products?
2 Oncolytic products refer to replication competent viruses or dividing bacteria that are used as therapeutic agents to. mediate lysis of tumor cells.
What are the benefits of oncolytic virus therapy?
T-VEC, an oncolytic virus, works by infecting and killing tumor cells, like these dividing melanoma cells, and stimulating an immune response against cancer cells throughout the body.
How do oncolytic vaccines work?
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are tumor-selective, multi-mechanistic antitumor agents. They kill infected cancer and associated endothelial cells via direct oncolysis, and uninfected cells via tumor vasculature targeting and bystander effect.
What viruses are oncolytic?
Today, adenoviruses, herpes viruses, measles viruses, coxsackie viruses, polioviruses, reoviruses, poxviruses, and Newcastle disease viruses, among others, are some of the oncolytic viruses under preclinical and clinical development for cancer therapy [56].
What are benefits of oncolytic virus therapy?
Oncolytic virus therapy aims to eradicate tumours using viruses which only infect and destroy targeted tumour cells. It is urgent to improve understanding and outcomes of this promising cancer treatment because oncolytic virus therapy could provide sensible solutions for many patients with cancer.
Are oncolytic viruses effective?
A growing body of preclinical and clinical data suggest that genetically engineered oncolytic viruses may be effective therapeutic agents used in the treatment of malignant gliomas.